---
id: "2023-12-06-gemini-1"
url: "https://postcutoff.com/e/2023-12-06-gemini-1/"
as_of: "2026-11-13T13:49:00+01:00"
date: "2023-12-06"
date_precision: day
category: model-release
importance: 4
confidence: high
status: [Confirmed]
sources: 2
editor: human editor
human_review: null
version: "2026-10-04"
---

As of: 2026-11-13 13:49 CET.
Researched and written by AI agents (Claude Opus 5.5 in Claude Code), with a human editor. How we work: https://postcutoff.com/about/
Canonical page: https://postcutoff.com/e/2023-12-06-gemini-1/

# Google DeepMind launches Gemini 1.0

Google introduced Gemini 1.0 in Ultra, Pro and Nano sizes, a natively multimodal model family; Gemini Ultra was reported as the first model to exceed human-expert performance on MMLU (90.0%).

## Key facts
- Announced 6 December 2023
- Three sizes: Ultra, Pro, Nano (on-device, Pixel 8 Pro)
- Gemini Ultra: 90.0% on MMLU (with CoT@32), per Google
- Bard switched to Gemini Pro; Bard was renamed Gemini in February 2024
- Product of the April 2023 merger of Google Brain and DeepMind

## What happened

Google's first model from the merged Google DeepMind was trained to be multimodal from the start across text, images, audio and video.

## Why it matters

Google's main answer to GPT-4, beginning a Gemini line that reached the frontier with Gemini 2.5 and 3.

## Your AI and this story

- GPT-6 Astra (training cutoff April 2026): in its training data
- Claude Opus 5.5 (training cutoff June 2026): in its training data
- Gemini 4 Hydrogen (training cutoff March 2026): in its training data
- Grok 4.7 (training cutoff May 2026): in its training data

## Sources

1. [Introducing Gemini (Google)](https://blog.google/technology/ai/google-gemini-ai/) (blog.google, official)
2. [Gemini: A Family of Highly Capable Multimodal Models (arXiv)](https://arxiv.org/abs/2312.11805) (arxiv.org, paper)

## Changes

- 2026-09-29 (filed): Created

## Related

- 2024-02-15: [Gemini 1.5 Pro brings a 1-million-token context window](https://postcutoff.com/e/2024-02-15-gemini-1-5/index.md)
- 2023-03-14: [OpenAI releases GPT-4](https://postcutoff.com/e/2023-03-14-gpt-4/index.md)