As of: 2026-10-10 14:45 CEST. Researched and written by AI agents (Claude Opus 5.5 in Claude Code). Human editor: Adam Bicz. Canonical page: https://postcutoff.com/news/science/4/ # AI news: Science & math, page 4 199 events in Science & math of 1,105 in the log, newest first. Page 4 of 4, 50 events per page, grouped by the day each event happened. ## Friday 12 September 2025 - [First AI-generated complete genomes](https://postcutoff.com/e/2025-09-12-ai-generated-phage-genomes/) (Science & math; Arc Institute, Stanford University; historic). It is a milestone toward AI-designed life forms and phage therapies against resistant bacteria, and a biosecurity flashpoint. Source: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2025.09.12.675911v1 ## Wednesday 10 September 2025 - [Math Inc's Gauss agent completes the Strong Prime Number Theorem formalisation in Lean in three weeks](https://postcutoff.com/e/2025-09-10-math-inc-gauss-strong-pnt/) (Science & math; Math Inc; major). Autoformalization at this scale points to a future where new proofs, including AI-generated ones, are routinely machine-checked. Source: https://www.math.inc/gauss ## Thursday 4 September 2025 - [DeepMind's Deep Loop Shaping cuts LIGO control noise 30–100×](https://postcutoff.com/e/2025-09-04-deepmind-ligo-deep-loop-shaping/) (Science & math; Google DeepMind, Caltech, Gran Sasso Science Institute). It extends the reach of one of physics' most sensitive instruments without new hardware. Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adw1291 ## Wednesday 20 August 2025 - [GPT-5 Pro proves an improved convex-optimisation bound, which humans had already surpassed](https://postcutoff.com/e/2025-08-20-gpt-5-pro-convex-optimization-proof/) (Science & math; OpenAI). It was one of the first widely discussed cases of an LLM producing correct new research-level mathematics. Source: https://x.com/SebastienBubeck/status/1958198661139009862 ## Thursday 14 August 2025 - [Generative AI designs new antibiotics that kill drug-resistant gonorrhoea and MRSA](https://postcutoff.com/e/2025-08-14-mit-generative-ai-antibiotics/) (Science & math; MIT; major). It showed generative AI exploring chemical space beyond existing compound libraries for one of medicine's most urgent needs. Source: https://news.mit.edu/2025/using-generative-ai-researchers-design-compounds-kill-drug-resistant-bacteria-0814 ## Wednesday 30 July 2025 - [Interpretable neural network discovers new non-reciprocal force laws in dusty plasma](https://postcutoff.com/e/2025-07-30-ai-discovers-dusty-plasma-physics/) (Science & math; Emory University). It is a clean example of AI discovering new physical laws that humans can interpret, rather than just making predictions. Source: https://news.emory.edu/features/2025/07/esc_ai_dusty_plasma_30-07-2025/index.html ## Monday 21 July 2025 - [AI systems reach gold-medal level at the International Mathematical Olympiad](https://postcutoff.com/e/2025-07-21-imo-gold-ai/) (Science & math; Google DeepMind, OpenAI; historic). A long-standing AI grand challenge fell years earlier than many forecasters expected, showcasing the power of RL-trained reasoning. Source: https://deepmind.google/blog/advanced-version-of-gemini-with-deep-think-officially-achieves-gold-medal-standard-at-the-international-mathematical-olympiad/ ## July 2025, day not recorded - [Stanford's 'Virtual Lab' of AI agents designs SARS-CoV-2 nanobodies validated in the lab](https://postcutoff.com/e/2025-07-29-virtual-lab-ai-agents-nanobodies/) (Science & math; Stanford University, Chan Zuckerberg Biohub). It was a peer-reviewed demonstration of multi-agent AI doing interdisciplinary research design with real lab outcomes. Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09442-9 ## Wednesday 25 June 2025 - [AlphaGenome predicts how DNA variants affect thousands of gene-regulation signals from 1 Mb of sequence](https://postcutoff.com/e/2025-06-25-alphagenome/) (Science & math; Google DeepMind). DeepMind's AlphaGenome reads up to 1 million DNA bases and predicts 5,930 human (1,128 mouse) genomic signals, including expression, chromatin accessibility and splicing, at base-pair resolution. Source: https://deepmind.google/blog/alphagenome-ai-for-better-understanding-the-genome/ ## Wednesday 21 May 2025 - [Microsoft's Aurora foundation model beats operational forecasts for air quality, waves, cyclones and weather](https://postcutoff.com/e/2025-05-21-microsoft-aurora-earth-model/) (Science & math; Microsoft Research). One model can be adapted cheaply to new environmental prediction tasks, including air pollution and ocean waves. Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09005-y ## Tuesday 20 May 2025 - [FutureHouse's Robin multi-agent system proposes ripasudil as a new treatment candidate for dry AMD](https://postcutoff.com/e/2025-05-20-futurehouse-robin-ripasudil/) (Science & math; FutureHouse). It was an early end-to-end AI-driven discovery loop in biology. Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10652-y ## Wednesday 14 May 2025 - [AlphaEvolve: Gemini-powered agent discovers new algorithms](https://postcutoff.com/e/2025-05-14-alphaevolve/) (Science & math; Google DeepMind; major). A concrete example of LLM-based systems making novel discoveries and improving the infrastructure that trains them — an early form of recursive improvement. Source: https://deepmind.google/discover/blog/alphaevolve-a-gemini-powered-coding-agent-for-designing-advanced-algorithms/ ## May 2025, day not recorded - [Intology's 'Zochi' AI system gets a paper into the ACL 2025 main conference](https://postcutoff.com/e/2025-05-27-intology-zochi-acl-2025/) (Science & math; Intology). It moved AI-authored research from workshop level (Sakana, March 2025) to a selective main track within months, though the degree of autonomy could not be independently audited. Source: https://www.intology.ai/blog/zochi-acl ## Wednesday 12 March 2025 - [Sakana's AI Scientist-v2 writes the first fully AI-generated paper to pass peer review](https://postcutoff.com/e/2025-03-12-sakana-ai-scientist-v2-peer-review/) (Science & math; Sakana AI, University of British Columbia, University of Oxford; major). It was the first demonstration that a fully automated pipeline could clear human peer review, even at a workshop with a higher acceptance rate than main tracks. Source: https://sakana.ai/ai-scientist-first-publication/ ## Tuesday 25 February 2025 - [AI weather forecasting goes operational](https://postcutoff.com/e/2025-02-25-ecmwf-aifs-operational-ai-weather/) (Science & math; ECMWF, NOAA; major). It is one of the fastest transitions of AI research into critical public infrastructure. Source: https://www.ecmwf.int/en/about/media-centre/news/2025/ecmwfs-ai-forecasts-become-operational ## Wednesday 19 February 2025 - [Google's AI co-scientist independently reproduces an unpublished superbug discovery in 48 hours](https://postcutoff.com/e/2025-02-19-google-ai-co-scientist/) (Science & math; Google, Google DeepMind, Imperial College London, Stanford University; major). It was the most-cited early example of an LLM system generating a correct, non-obvious scientific hypothesis. Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10644-y - [Evo 2: a 40B-parameter genome language model trained on DNA from all domains of life](https://postcutoff.com/e/2025-02-19-evo-2-genome-model/) (Science & math; Arc Institute, Stanford University, NVIDIA). It made genome-scale generative design possible, most notably whole viable bacteriophages. Source: https://arcinstitute.org/news/evo-2-one-year-later ## Thursday 16 January 2025 - [Microsoft's MatterGen generates materials to order](https://postcutoff.com/e/2025-01-16-mattergen/) (Science & math; Microsoft Research). Generative materials design is promising, but as with GNoME and A-Lab, "new material" claims need crystallographic scrutiny. Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-08628-5 ## Wednesday 15 January 2025 - [AI-designed proteins neutralise deadly snake-venom toxins and protect mice](https://postcutoff.com/e/2025-01-15-ai-designed-antivenom/) (Science & math; University of Washington Institute for Protein Design, Technical University of Denmark). Snakebite kills tens of thousands of people a year, mainly in poor regions. Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-08393-x ## Friday 20 December 2024 - [OpenAI o3 scores 25% on FrontierMath research-level maths benchmark, amid funding disclosure controversy](https://postcutoff.com/e/2024-12-20-frontiermath-o3-25-percent/) (Science & math; OpenAI, Epoch AI). It was the first sign that research-level maths was yielding to reasoning models, and an early lesson in benchmark governance and conflicts of interest. Source: https://epoch.ai/latest/openai-and-frontiermath ## Wednesday 4 December 2024 - [GenCast: diffusion-based ensemble forecast beats ECMWF's ENS on 97% of targets](https://postcutoff.com/e/2024-12-04-gencast-ensemble-weather/) (Science & math; Google DeepMind). GenCast (Nature, Dec 2024) is a diffusion model producing probabilistic 15-day ensemble forecasts. Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-08252-9 ## Wednesday 20 November 2024 - [AlphaQubit: neural decoder sets accuracy record for quantum error correction on Google's Sycamore](https://postcutoff.com/e/2024-11-20-alphaqubit-quantum-error-correction/) (Science & math; Google DeepMind, Google Quantum AI). Better decoding lowers the overhead of fault-tolerant quantum computing. Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-08148-8 ## Thursday 5 September 2024 - [AlphaProteo designs high-affinity protein binders](https://postcutoff.com/e/2024-09-05-alphaproteo/) (Science & math; Google DeepMind). High one-shot success rates cut the months of screening normally needed to find a binder. Source: https://deepmind.google/blog/alphaproteo-generates-novel-proteins-for-biology-and-health-research/ ## Thursday 25 July 2024 - [AlphaProof and AlphaGeometry 2 reach IMO silver-medal standard](https://postcutoff.com/e/2024-07-25-alphaproof-imo-silver/) (Science & math; Google DeepMind; major). First AI to reach medal level at the IMO; a year later, natural-language LLMs reached gold. Source: https://deepmind.google/discover/blog/ai-solves-imo-problems-at-silver-medal-level/ ## Monday 22 July 2024 - [NeuralGCM: Google's hybrid physics-ML atmosphere model matches top weather forecasts and runs decades-long climate simulations](https://postcutoff.com/e/2024-07-22-neuralgcm/) (Science & math; Google Research, ECMWF, MIT, Harvard). It showed that ML can reach climate modelling, not only weather forecasting, and made differentiable hybrid GCMs a serious research direction. Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-07744-y ## Tuesday 25 June 2024 - [ESM3 generates esmGFP, a new fluorescent protein estimated at '500 million years of evolution' from nature](https://postcutoff.com/e/2024-06-25-esm3-esmgfp/) (Science & math; EvolutionaryScale). It showed language models producing functional proteins far outside the natural sequence space. Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.ads0018 ## Wednesday 8 May 2024 - [AlphaFold 3 predicts structures and interactions of all life's molecules](https://postcutoff.com/e/2024-05-08-alphafold-3/) (Science & math; Google DeepMind, Isomorphic Labs; major). Moved AI structural biology from single proteins to the molecular interactions that matter for medicine. Source: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07487-w ## Wednesday 21 February 2024 - [AI controller predicts and avoids tearing instabilities in the DIII-D fusion reactor](https://postcutoff.com/e/2024-02-21-ai-avoids-tokamak-tearing-instabilities/) (Science & math; Princeton University, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, General Atomics). Instabilities that can damage reactors are a key obstacle to fusion power. Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-07024-9 ## Wednesday 17 January 2024 - [AlphaGeometry solves olympiad geometry near gold-medallist level without human demonstrations](https://postcutoff.com/e/2024-01-17-alphageometry/) (Science & math; Google DeepMind, New York University). It was a step towards the 2024 IMO silver and 2025 gold, and showed that synthetic data could replace scarce human proofs. Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06747-5 ## Tuesday 9 January 2024 - [Microsoft AI and PNNL screen 32 million candidates to find a solid electrolyte using ~70% less lithium](https://postcutoff.com/e/2024-01-09-microsoft-pnnl-battery-electrolyte/) (Science & math; Microsoft, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory). It is a concrete example of AI compressing the materials search funnel from years to weeks, though the result was a prototype rather than a product. Source: https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/blog/quantum/2024/01/09/unlocking-a-new-era-for-scientific-discovery-with-ai-how-microsofts-ai-screened-over-32-million-candidates-to-find-a-better-battery/ ## Wednesday 20 December 2023 - [Explainable deep learning discovers a new structural class of antibiotics against MRSA](https://postcutoff.com/e/2023-12-20-ai-new-antibiotic-structural-class/) (Science & math; MIT, Broad Institute). New structural classes of antibiotics are rarely discovered. Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06887-8 - [Coscientist: a GPT-4 agent plans and runs real chemistry experiments from plain-English prompts](https://postcutoff.com/e/2023-12-20-coscientist-autonomous-chemistry/) (Science & math; Carnegie Mellon University). It was the first peer-reviewed LLM agent operating a physical lab, a precursor of 2026's AI-run labs. Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06792-0 ## Thursday 14 December 2023 - [FunSearch: an LLM finds new cap-set constructions, the first LLM discovery in open maths](https://postcutoff.com/e/2023-12-14-funsearch-cap-sets/) (Science & math; Google DeepMind, University of Wisconsin–Madison; major). It was the direct ancestor of AlphaEvolve and showed that LLMs' mistakes don't matter when outputs can be automatically checked. Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06924-6 ## Wednesday 29 November 2023 - [GNoME predicts 2.2 million new crystals, 380,000 stable, but novelty and usefulness are disputed](https://postcutoff.com/e/2023-11-29-gnome-millions-of-materials/) (Science & math; Google DeepMind, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; major). It is the largest AI materials-prediction effort, and a leading example of the gap between computational "discovery" and a useful new material. Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06735-9 - [Berkeley's A-Lab claims 41 new materials from autonomous synthesis](https://postcutoff.com/e/2023-11-29-a-lab-autonomous-synthesis-dispute/) (Science & math; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory). It is the clearest case study of overclaiming in AI-driven science, and of how human expert scrutiny corrected it. Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09992-y ## Tuesday 14 November 2023 - [GraphCast: ML weather model beats the world's best physics-based 10-day forecast on 90% of targets](https://postcutoff.com/e/2023-11-14-graphcast-weather/) (Science & math; Google DeepMind; major). It triggered the rapid move of AI weather models into operational forecasting worldwide. Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adi2336 ## Tuesday 19 September 2023 - [AlphaMissense classifies 89% of all 71 million possible human missense mutations](https://postcutoff.com/e/2023-09-19-alphamissense/) (Science & math; Google DeepMind). It gives clinicians a first-pass interpretation for millions of variants they otherwise could not assess. Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adg7492 ## Tuesday 11 July 2023 - [RFdiffusion: diffusion models design new proteins that work in the lab](https://postcutoff.com/e/2023-07-11-rfdiffusion-protein-design/) (Science & math; University of Washington Institute for Protein Design; major). It became the workhorse of AI protein design, underlying AI antivenoms, antibodies and enzymes. Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06415-8 ## Wednesday 7 June 2023 - [AlphaDev discovers faster small-sort routines, merged into LLVM's C++ standard library](https://postcutoff.com/e/2023-06-07-alphadev-sorting/) (Science & math; Google DeepMind). It was AI-discovered code shipping in core infrastructure, though experts argued about how novel the discovery really was. Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06004-9 ## Thursday 25 May 2023 - [AI finds abaucin, a narrow-spectrum antibiotic against the superbug Acinetobacter baumannii](https://postcutoff.com/e/2023-05-25-abaucin-ai-antibiotic/) (Science & math; McMaster University, MIT). It showed that AI could find narrow-spectrum antibiotics, which spare the microbiome and slow resistance. Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41589-023-01349-8 ## Wednesday 5 October 2022 - [AlphaTensor discovers faster matrix multiplication algorithms, beating Strassen's 1969 record for 4×4 mod 2](https://postcutoff.com/e/2022-10-05-alphatensor-matrix-multiplication/) (Science & math; DeepMind; major). It was the first AI-found improvement to a famous algorithmic record. Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-022-05172-4 ## Wednesday 16 February 2022 - [Deep reinforcement learning controls fusion plasma in the TCV tokamak](https://postcutoff.com/e/2022-02-16-deepmind-tokamak-plasma-control/) (Science & math; DeepMind, EPFL Swiss Plasma Center; major). It showed that RL could replace complex hand-engineered control in fusion devices and opened the way to AI-designed plasma scenarios. Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-04301-9 ## Wednesday 1 December 2021 - [DeepMind and mathematicians use machine learning to guide new theorems in knot theory and representation theory](https://postcutoff.com/e/2021-12-01-deepmind-knot-theory-intuition/) (Science & math; DeepMind, University of Oxford, University of Sydney). It was the first Nature-level demonstration of AI contributing to pure maths research, as an intuition aid rather than a prover. Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-04086-x ## Monday 22 November 2021 - [NASA's ExoMiner deep-learning model validates 301 new exoplanets from Kepler data](https://postcutoff.com/e/2021-11-22-exominer-301-exoplanets/) (Science & math; NASA Ames Research Center). AI vetting has become standard for the flood of survey data from Kepler, TESS and, soon, other surveys. Source: https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.10009 ## Thursday 29 April 2021 - [Adam Zsolt Wagner uses reinforcement learning to find counterexamples to open graph-theory conjectures](https://postcutoff.com/e/2021-04-29-wagner-rl-counterexamples/) (Science & math; Adam Zsolt Wagner). It was the template for the 2023–2026 wave of AI counterexample finding (FunSearch, AlphaEvolve, PatternBoost, LLM counterexamples). Source: https://arxiv.org/abs/2104.14516 ## Monday 30 November 2020 - [AlphaFold 2 solves protein structure prediction at CASP14](https://postcutoff.com/e/2020-11-30-alphafold-2/) (Science & math; DeepMind; historic). The clearest case of AI producing a major scientific breakthrough; used by millions of researchers and recognized with a Nobel Prize. Source: https://deepmind.google/discover/blog/alphafold-a-solution-to-a-50-year-old-grand-challenge-in-biology/ ## Wednesday 8 July 2020 - [Liverpool's mobile robot chemist runs 688 experiments in 8 days and finds a 6× better photocatalyst](https://postcutoff.com/e/2020-07-08-mobile-robotic-chemist/) (Science & math; University of Liverpool). It is a landmark for self-driving laboratories, the physical half of the "AI scientist" vision. Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2442-2 ## Thursday 20 February 2020 - [Deep learning discovers halicin, a structurally new broad-spectrum antibiotic](https://postcutoff.com/e/2020-02-20-halicin-ai-antibiotic/) (Science & math; MIT, Broad Institute; major). It launched the modern field of AI antibiotic discovery at a time of stalled antibiotic pipelines. Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(20)30102-1 ## Sunday 2 December 2018 - [AlphaFold (v1) tops the CASP13 protein-structure prediction assessment](https://postcutoff.com/e/2018-12-02-alphafold-1-casp13/) (Science & math; DeepMind; major). Marked AI's entry into a grand challenge of biology and set up the 2020 AlphaFold 2 breakthrough. 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